Among the more discouraging experiences of my United Methodist ministry was some years ago when I served on the Jurisdictional Nominating Committee.
We really didn’t nominate. We placed different-sized pegs into different-sized peg holes. Because there were limited slots for conferences on the various boards, conferences to be represented were chosen by lot. Then, because of the quota system (it was a quota system whether called that or not) our slots were defined by gender, race, age, or clergy-lay specifications. For example, one of our conference nominees needed to be a male, Hispanic lay person. The problem was that while our conference had gone through an elaborate nominating process and many persons were wanting to serve on a general board, none at the time was a male Hispanic lay person. Sitting at the same table with the Nominating Committee were representatives of various ethnic, gender, and age caucuses ensuring that proper diversity and inclusiveness was achieved.
Welcome to the world of diversity, where what looks good is often more valued than what works, and where diversity is defined more in terms of gender, race, and age rather than diversity of experience, distribution of spiritual gifts and different theological perspectives.
Methodism came late to the diversity scene. Specifically, “diversity” came to United Methodism with the restructuring and the 1972 General Conference. In the 1968-72 quadrennium, the Board of Education, the most powerful board in the Methodist Church at that time, was composed of 39 members, 37 of whom were white, male, and liberal. Only seven were pastors; 13 were associated with universities and seminaries (were that we had such interest from our universities and seminaries today!) Most of the rest were bishops and bureaucrats.
In the period leading up to the restructuring, the effort, whether intentional or unintentional, was to pour persons into a cultural and theological mold that might best be defined as educated, liberal and male. This was the old liberalism, well expressed by hymn 512 of the 1935 hymnal: “These things shall be, a loftier race than e’er the world hath known…”
Education, high principles, and eugenics would help to produce the “loftier race,” with the implication that lesser races and types of persons were disdained. Methodism at the time (the United Brethren and Evangelical traditions were a bit different) did not tolerate diversity, especially theological diversity. Up until 1968, the Discipline mandated that only curriculum materials officially approved were to be used in church schools; only hymn books officially approved were to be used in worship; only audio-visuals officially approved were to be used in church settings; only evangelists officially approved were to be supported by churches; and only missionaries officially approved were to be supported by the local church.
When Roy L. Smith, a leading figure in the church, wrote Why I Am a Methodist (1955), he spoke of “liberality of viewpoint” as a key feature of Methodism. The church had achieved this “liberality of viewpoint,” according to Smith, because Methodists had been educated with the “official” material in the church school and because ministers were being trained with similar courses of instruction in the seminaries.
“Official” educational philosophy at the time questioned church doctrines like Original Sin and the Blood Atonement. Old Testament stories were not appropriate for elementary children, because they would take them literally and would have to be re-educated later; images of Jesus on the cross were not appropriate until junior high (see Ethel Smither, The Use of the Bible with Children, 1937, which made a point that its content was “officially approved”). Evidently, Methodists were produced with “liberality of viewpoint” by being restricted to a one-size-fits-all educational system, in which the one size was theological modernism.
The Biblical argument for diversity flows from the idea that Christian faith transcends gender, age, race, economic status, or culture. The Methodist message was always that “Christ died for all” (unlimited atonement); there all can be saved. The gifts of the Spirit are not restricted to race, gender, economic status, or ethnic group.
When Francis Asbury made Harry Hosier, a black man, a key evangelist in early Methodist it was not to fulfill a diversity goal but rather because Harry Hosier had exceptional gifts. When Phoebe Palmer wrote her monumental Promise of the Spirit in the 1850s, making the case for women speaking in the church, it was not to advance some feminist agenda, but to advance the cause of Christ because Palmer knew that the church would be enriched by the spiritual gifts of women, including speaking in public.
Diversity should never be seen as an end in itself but only as a means to an end. The end in this case should be that the church is built up, that unreached people or cultural groups have the gospel preached to them, and that in Christ Jesus we are one body.
The old ideological liberalism can be accused of being racist, sexist, classist, elitist and theologically restrictive, and needed to be discarded, but the question is whether the present emphasis on diversity and inclusiveness (as understood by present-day progressives) is not also defective. A serious question to be asked is why, if in the second decade of the 1800s, African-American membership equaled 20 percent of the total of Methodism (even after the AME split), has the percentage since then steadily decreased until it is only about 5 percent of the total today. And this after we have had energy and money poured into programs and missional priorities and advocacy groups to encourage African-American presence in the church.
Why is it, if we are so committed to diversity, that United Methodist membership is still basically white, elderly, and upper middle class? And why, if diversity is so highly valued, do our seminaries continue to be so biased against evangelical and charismatic theologies? Why, if we are so committed to diversity, are the staff of our boards and agencies, and particularly the General Board of Church and Society, almost totally devoid of those who favor the Republican Party?
Where are the leaders in the church who are willing to ask whether “diversity,” as presently practiced, really advances the cause of Christ. Is it time for another restructuring which will redefine diversity and inclusivity, and direct the church on the path to winning the world for Jesus Christ.
Riley B. Case is a retired United Methodist clergy member of the Indiana Conference who has for many years authored articles for the Confessing Movement. His articles are published in the Methodist Voices series appearing on Juicy Ecumenism, the blog of the Institute on Religion & Democracy.
Comment by Corvus Corax on August 29, 2023 at 8:58 am
It’s idolatry. Liberal policy goals are priority 1, and the Jesus stuff is all fine and dandy as long as it doesn’t get in the way.
Comment by Jim on August 29, 2023 at 10:39 am
It is not “diversity,” it is repackaged racism, that comes with polysyllabic words and footnotes. But it is still racism all the same. Stop calling it by a false label. Not since the Nazis has any group been as obsessed with race and ethnicity.
Comment by Tom on August 29, 2023 at 6:59 pm
“A serious question to be asked is why, if in the second decade of the 1800s, African-American membership equaled 20 percent of the total of Methodism (even after the AME split), has the percentage since then steadily decreased until it is only about 5 percent of the total today.”
Could it be because, by some incomprehensible reason, black people’s priorities are somehow not the same as the upper-class white leftists’?
Comment by John E. Reuter, Esq. (Ret.) on August 30, 2023 at 11:23 pm
I assume this opinion essay is addressing the lack of “diversity” in AmeriKa’s “United” Methodist Churches without considering the constituency characteristics of African Methodists. No, it doesn’t. Villifying the current schism within Methodism as having its origin because of a lack of “diversity” and of course its deleterious twin “inclusion” is disingenuous in the extreme. Neither should be used as yardsticks to measure the spiritual efficacy of progressive United Methodists much less orthodox G.obal Methodists. That kind of calculus is at the very root of the Great Schism in Methodism and the signature end of Luther’s Reformation. A new spiritual age is dawning; one that draws a biological, common sense, spiritual distinction between the delusional and the rational, that recognizes the 21st century Sodom and Gomorrah that rules Wesf and Easf and spreads across its midsection. The Neo-Christians must prepare to suffer persecution, not so much Orwellian as Huxlian. Amen.
Comment by Anthony on August 31, 2023 at 11:43 am
Diversity is a secular tactic brought into the church by liberals as one of numerous diversions and deceptions from the truth. Perhaps one of the greatest stumbling blocks to liberals is the following warning, on the one hand, and message of deliverance, on the other, of Paul. And, that’s the true message of another favorite secular diversion and deception tactic of liberals — inclusiveness. Paul gives the true Gospel meaning of that.
1 Corinthians 6:9-11
9 Or do you not know that wrongdoers will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived: Neither the sexually immoral nor idolaters nor adulterers nor men who have sex with men 10 nor thieves nor the greedy nor drunkards nor slanderers nor swindlers will inherit the kingdom of God. 11 And that is what some of you were. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God.
Comment by Tim on September 3, 2023 at 10:13 am
My experience in a PCUSA seminary was that when they talk about diversity, what they are talking about is diversity in looks, not diversity in thought. For all the talk about inclusiveness in the mainline, from my experience they are among the most noninclusive of all Christians.
Comment by Diane on September 4, 2023 at 3:23 pm
I love sitting down with a variety of folks (call it diversity) whose life experiences, ancestry, heritage, and history are different than mine. I learn so much more by this rich tapestry than just forever staying in a comfort zone with those who are mostly similar to me in age, race, economic status, ethnic heritage, sexual and gender identity. I’ve found being outside the church is similar to Jesus going about meeting folks outside his faith community. Groups I’m part of represent this type of diversity and while they’re not affiliated with religious organizations, almost all in those involved in them are people of faith. The goals of these groups are generally consistent with the social justice elements common to our various faith traditions. While these groups are technically secular, there’s a lot of interfaith/ecumenical theological conversation going on in them . And the community spirit is refreshing.
Comment by George on September 9, 2023 at 9:06 pm
Ms Diane, Jesus did not come in order to learn anything. That was never his purpose. He came to teach, heal, forgive sins, and show us the way for salvation. He was on a mission and it was never his intention to make us sinners fill good about our sinful nature. He did not save the adulteress from stoning in order to give her affirmation on her sin. In fact He said to her go and sin no more. You love surrounding yourself with secular misfits. I bet a really great evening for you is having your agnostic, gay, and trans friends over for a wine and cheese tasting. You said you learned so much from those outside the church. You might learn a lot more from those inside the church if you give it a chance. Then you could go back outside of the church and teach the ways of Christ to those sinners instead of learning from them. I guess what I’m trying to say to you is that you have in completely backwards.